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3 years ago
The use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NVKA) has revolutionized the antithrombotic treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), finally freeing them of the inconvenience and expense of international normalized ratio measurements. However, add to the equation the presence of coronary artery disease requiring percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent placement…
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3 years ago
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) occurs most often when a vulnerable intracoronary plaque ruptures or erodes to expose a prothrombotic core, precipitating thrombus formation by way of platelet activation,1–3 The spectrum of ACS includes non-ST segment-elevation (NSTE) ACS, where a vulnerable plaque threatens downstream coronary perfusion manifest as an increase in symptom frequency and/or duration …
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2 years ago
Added:
3 years ago
Thiazolidinediones (TZD) and metformin lower cardiac risk factors, as do serum glucoses, and are therefore the best choice for initial therapy of type 2 diabetes. To choose between metformin and a thiazolidinedione is difficult because of the many benefits of both drugs. In most cases, a combination of metformin and a TZD is chosen, and this article describes the rationale for this decision.
The…
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Added:
3 years ago
Thiazolidinediones (TZD) and metformin lower cardiac risk factors, as well as lowering serum glucoses, and are therefore the best choice for initial therapy of type 2 diabetes. To choose between metformin and a thiazolidinedione is difficult because of the many benefits of both drugs. In most cases, a combination of metformin and a TZD is chosen, and this article describes the rationale for this…
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Added:
3 years ago
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare but life-threatening condition that has traditionally required treatment with continuous intravenous epoprostenol via an indwelling central catheter.1–3 Such therapy improves outcome, but is fraught with side effects, expense, and risk of catheter-related complications. Therapy of PAH has evolved tremendously in recent years, reflecting the…
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3 years ago
Clinical applications of cardiac positron emission tomography (PET) have made dramatic advances over the past three years, particularly in myocardial perfusion imaging. These advances include cardiac-specific PET technology, specialized software, and profound biological insights into myocardial perfusion far beyond the traditional binary interpretation of perfusion images as normal or abnormal…
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3 years ago
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) consisting of aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor is prescribed in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. An important misconception remains that DAPT should be prescribed to prevent stent thrombosis. Although this may seem obvious, it should be emphasized that the…
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3 years ago
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the US.1,2 Although advances in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease have contributed to a decline in mortality rates, this favorable trend has slowed over the past several years.3 Recently, however, a revival of cardiovascular drug development has introduced new treatment options to the market, with several promising…
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Added:
3 years ago
The field of heart transplantation has evolved tremendously since Alexis Carrel first explanted a canine heart and anastomosed it to the carotid artery and jugular vein of a recipient dog in 1905.1 In 1960, Norman Shumway and Richard Lower at Stanford described a technique for orthotopic canine heart transplantation and demonstrated adequate physiologic function of the denervated heart.2 Their…
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