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Author(s): Raif Tawakol Added: 3 years ago
Many patients on statin therapy understandably develop a false sense of security. They enjoy a lowered level of low-desity lipoprotein (LDL) and a risk reduction of some 35%. However, two out of three patients develop a myocardial infarction (MI) while on a statin therapy. Statins often do not increase HDL levels to any substantial degree (except for Rosuvastatin, which increases high-density… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Author(s): Giovanni Torsello , Konstantinos P Donas Added: 3 years ago
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in the developed world.1 More than 750,000 strokes occur in the US annually,1 and one-third of these patients die during the first few months after their strokes. Acute carotid syndrome (ACS) is defined as a set of signs and symptoms linked to neurological deficits (transient ischemic attack [TIA] or ischemic stroke) caused by carotid occlusive… View more

Imaging & Diagnostics

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Author(s): Jack Collier , Arthur J Labovitz Added: 3 years ago
The approach to the treatment of a variety of cardiovascular disorders has undergone remarkable change over the past two decades. The use of both percutaneous interventions in patients with acute myocardial infarction and automatic implantable cardiodefibrillators in patients with ventricular arrhythmias represent important examples. The cardiology community is currently in the process of another… View more

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
Current Thinking in Acute Congestive Heart Failure and Pulmonary Edema
Author(s): Shamai A Grossman Added: 3 years ago
Introduction Congestive heart failure (CHF) is an imbalance in pump function in which the heart fails to maintain the circulation of blood adequately. The most severe manifestation of CHF, pulmonary edema, develops when this imbalance causes an increase in lung fluid secondary to leakage from pulmonary capillaries into the interstitium and alveoli of the lung. CHF can be categorized as forward… View more

Heart Failure
Author(s): Christopher R deFilippi , G Michael Felker Added: 3 years ago
Biomarkers have become central to the management of cardiovascular disease, and their potential clinical applications continue to grow. This article reviews galectin-3 (Gal-3), a novel biomarker of fibrosis and remodeling, and its clinical application in heart failure (HF). Case Studies Case Study One A 63-year-old African-American female presents to the emergency department with acute dyspnea… View more

Heart Failure

MI/ACS
Author(s): Jack Collier , Arthur J Labovitz Added: 3 years ago
The approach to the treatment of a variety of cardiovascular disorders has undergone remarkable change over the past two decades. The use of both percutaneous interventions in patients with acute myocardial infarction and automatic implantable cardiodefibrillators in patients with ventricular arrhythmias represent important examples. The cardiology community is currently in the process of another… View more

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
Author(s): Christopher J White Added: 3 years ago
More than three-quarters of a million Americans will suffer a stroke this year. Stroke ranks as the third most common cause of death after heart disease and cancer. It is the number one cause of disability among adults and the main reason for rehabilitation. Many, but not all, strokes are related to atherosclerosisÔÇöthe same disease that causes heart attacks. Blockage of one of the two main… View more

Intervention
Author(s): William Jordan Added: 3 years ago
Stroke, the third leading cause of death in the US, remains one of the most feared conditions of our modern society. Many fear a neurologic catastrophe resulting in a chronic vegetative state more than death. Likewise, much of our modern medical practice seeks to maintain a healthy state free of such diseases. Almost one half of strokes are related to atherosclerotic disease found at the carotid… View more

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia
Author(s): Michael F Morris , Philip A Araoz Added: 3 years ago
Mitral valve dysfunction is the most common cause of valvular disease in the US.1 Although echocardiography is the primary non-invasive modality for visualizing the mitral valve, advances in technology continue to allow for improved evaluation of mitral disease with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT).2,3 Currently, the role for MRI and CT assessment of the mitral valve… View more

Vascular Disease and Surgery

Imaging & Diagnostics
Author(s): Carl J Lavie , Richard V Milani Added: 3 years ago
The potential benefits of formal, phase II cardiac rehabilitation and exercise training (CRET) programs have recently been reviewed in great detail.1–3 However, despite the substantial proven benefits of this therapy, which are outlined in part in this review, recent data have emphasized that many patients are not referred to formal CRET,4 and a minority of patients (14% of patients with acute… View more

Electrophysiology & Arrhythmia

Prevention & Chronic Conditions